2023-2024_Idanha a Nova_Portugal

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Chêne liège

L'objectif est de rétablir la suberaie traditionnelle portugaise. Cependant, la vulnérabilité de cette pratique a augmenté en Méditerranée ces dernières décennies, suscitant des inquiétudes quant à son déclin. Les menaces majeures incluent le changement d'utilisation des terres et l'abandon des pratiques traditionnelles, notamment les "montados" où des arbres matures coexistent avec des prairies, cultures céréalières et arbustes en sous-étage. L'utilisation croissante de bouchons en plastique contribue aussi à ce déclin. Les incendies et la sécheresse favorisent la transformation des forêts de liège en zones arbustives, compliquant la régénération forestière car les glands sont consommés par divers animaux. Ceci souligne l'importance des projets de restauration, notamment la plantation de chênes-lièges, pour réhabiliter les zones dégradées.

GOOD_HEALTH_AND_WELL_BEING

CLEAN_WATER_AND_SANITATION

DECENT_WORK_AND_ECONOMIC_GROWTH

CLIMATE_ACTION

LIFE_ON_LAND

PARTNERSHIP_FOR_THE_GOALS

Preservation of local biodiversity by providing suitable habitats and resources.

Contributes to the mitigation of the greenhouse effect and influences precipitation patterns and the local microclimate.

Influences the quality and integrity of the soil-water system, and the cycling of water and nutrients.

Supports human well-being, by providing resources, income, education, and supporting recreation and heritage.

The project is located in a region whose soils and landscapes have been heavily impacted by intensive eucalyptus plantations and exploitation. Low-density planting of cork oak is therefore one of the only solutions for restoring these areas. This will enable the oak to grow well, without competition for water and nutrients in the first few years, which is very important in water-limited ecosystems such as those of the Mediterranean, and later, with the soil restored, natural regeneration will take place and other tree and shrub species will colonize the environment.

The aim is to re-establish the traditional Portuguese cork oak forest. However, the vulnerability of this practice has increased in the Mediterranean in recent decades, raising concerns about its decline. Major threats include land-use change and the abandonment of traditional practices, notably "montados" where mature trees coexist with grasslands, cereal crops and understorey shrubs. The growing use of plastic caps is also contributing to this decline. Fires and drought favour the transformation of cork forests into shrublands, complicating forest regeneration as acorns are consumed by various animals. This underlines the importance of restoration projects, such as the planting of cork oaks, to rehabilitate degraded areas.

Idanha a Nova - Portugal